What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine, treatment methods

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment. Therefore, it is important to know how it arises and what signs are accompanied. In this article you will learn about all the characteristics of the disease. As well as diagnostic and treatment methods.

For calculous prostatitis, an inflammatory process is characteristic, in which conglomerates of a dense structure are formed. In other words, these are stones located in the prostate. They consist of elements that enter the body of a man. They arise in the secretion of the prostate gland against the background of the chronic course of prostatitis, pathological disorders.

Causes of occurrence

Calculous prostatitis can be caused by the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system. It can be diseases like chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, etc. In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, an obstruction is observed in the ducts of the prostate gland, in the context of which the secret acquires a thick and viscous structure. Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for stone formation, and prostatolites contribute to increased inflammatory processes, leading to congestion of the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons: the presence of adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of harmful food, alcohol abuse, smoking. But the reason most often lies in the absence of regular sexual activity, since in this case the glands cannot normally empty the stones, and therefore stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux. In this disease, the fluid from the urine during urination in small doses is thrown into the prostate. As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which over time increase and thicken, turning into stones. Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to lesions of the urethra, atony of the prostate, resection of the prostate gland, etc.
4. Disruption of blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Non-compliance with personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Advanced age. This is due to the fact that a kind of plaque of phosphoric acid and lime forms on the thickened epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations are yellowish and spherical. The minimum size of prostatolites is 0. 25 cm, the maximum is 0. 4. They are formed individually or in multiples, they are mainly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate or urate stones.

Symptoms

The following signs indicate the presence of prostatolytes in the prostate:

• dull aching pain in perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain syndrome after physical actions, bowel movements, sexual intercourse, sitting for a long time in one position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• intermittent jet;
• frequent urgency with retention of urine;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the acini of the prostate or ducts. The catarrhal type symptoms are poorly expressed, the symptoms resemble catarrhal pathologies. If you consult a urologist in a timely manner and start proper treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatoliths penetrate the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis. A follicular appearance can develop after an untreated type of catarrhal. The manifestations are acute, with an increase in body temperature and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.With the tertiary form, the parenchyma of the prostate gland is affected, which is why it is called parenchymal (diffuse). It is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute. A purulent exudate forms in the inflamed area. The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What complicates untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate against the background of the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and further development of sepsis, which is fatal;
• atrophy of the prostate gland and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by vasodilation in the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To prevent such consequences, it is necessary, when the first signs are found, to go to the clinic and undergo a full examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

It is quite understandable for any sane person that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance squad. But before it arrives, you can take the usual painkillers. If your home medicine cabinet contains propolis-based rectal suppositories, perform the appropriate procedure. Pain relief and laxative tablets.

What doctor are you treating?

The urologist (or andrologist) deals with the treatment of prostatitis in any form. Other highly specialized physicians, a nephrologist, an infectious disease specialist, and others, depending on the cause of stone formation, are also included in the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics.

Diagnostics

At the first visit to the urology office, the doctor performs a palpation and a visual examination, after which he collects an anamnesis. Lifestyle, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the manifesting signs are necessarily taken into account. In addition, the following diagnostics are carried out:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• semen collection (sperm with calculous prostatitis are characterized by a greater number of epithelial tissues and amyloid bodies);
• the spermogram allows you to study the degree of motility and the sperm count;
• Prostate x-ray;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• Magnetic or computerized resonance imaging.

Blood collection for PSA is mandatory, allowing the identification of a prostate-specific antigen (a kind of tumor marker of the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the selection of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as on the form, the cause of development and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. Group of fluoroquinolones for the destruction of pathogenic microbes, which are most often the cause of prostatitis. These are antibiotics that can easily fight many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline antibiotic group. However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, therefore they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are administered intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain syndrome and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient must take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels. To do this, a high-frequency electrical current and a resectoscope are used, which is inserted through the urethral lumen. The operation is painless, but there is a possibility of prostatolite particles remaining.
2. Transurethral surgery with ultrasound guidance. Unlike the previous method. Thanks to the augmented ultrasound tracking, all stones are eliminated.
3. Strip prostatectomy (stones are removed by dissection) and endoscopic (with an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate). Along with sloppy stones, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser that crushes the stones, after which they are naturally excreted. To do this, an endoscope is used.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, eliminates pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate, relieves discomfort;
• Magnetotherapy restores blood circulation, neutralizes swelling.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, accelerates the blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but in the form of a stone is strictly prohibited. The reason is that prostatoliths can move through the body.

If you do not have the opportunity to attend physical therapy procedures, you can perform them at home using special devices. But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only in remission: when prostatitis is in a stage of exacerbation, it is forbidden to use devices.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis is obliged to follow a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist at the individual level, depending on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the rejection of alcoholic and carbonated beverages, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods. It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat and fish, mushrooms. Horseradish, radish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans, and onions should be excluded from vegetables. And the rest of products that lead to the formation of gases.

Physiotherapy

It is always used for prostatitis, but in the form of a calculation, the exercises must be light to avoid the movement of the stones. Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum. To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand on a chair and rest your hands on the back. Take one leg out to the side, lifting it as high as possible. Lower the limb. The same actions are performed with the other leg. The number of approaches is from 8 to 10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on. Raise the legs alternately towards the stomach, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, sit down and fix the position for a few seconds. Stand. While doing the exercise, try to perform elastic movements in the squat position. Repeat no more than 5 times.

Home remedies

1. Eat 25 to 30 pumpkin seeds a day, raw and always on an empty stomach.
2. Herb decoction. You will need in equal proportions a naked ostudnik and a black letter. Set aside 1 tablespoon. l. herbs, pour 0. 5 liters of "cold" boiling water, let it brew. Take 3 times a day, 100 mg half an hour before meals.
3. Prepare the root of the brown rose hips according to the recipe indicated on the pharmacy package. Drink as a tea drink three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons into a glass of boiling water. l. parsley seeds and simmer for 10-15 minutes over low heat. Insist on the hour. Drink up to 6 times a day, one tablespoon.
5. Drink 600-1000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice per day.
6. Other natural juices are also useful: carrot, beet, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable. In neglected forms and in the absence of a positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used. In this case, the prognosis is also favorable. But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period to prevent infections and other complications.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of the calculous type of prostatitis and prevent relapse, follow simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek medical help in a timely manner for any pathological disorder;
• strictly follow the urologist's instructions;
• do not cool too much;
• use condoms to avoid infection;
• have an active sex life with only one partner.